Storage Tanks: Understanding Their Applications And Uses

Posted by: lukwago J in Life style October 6, 2023

Storage tanks are ubiquitous yet underappreciated components of modern infrastructure. They serve as reservoirs for many substances, from water and oil to compressed air and chemicals. By safely containing these materials until needed, storage tanks allow industries and municipalities to operate efficiently and sustainably. That is why it is of utmost importance to conduct tank inspections consistently.

This article explores the diverse applications and uses of storage tanks, emphasising their crucial role across different sectors and their associated safety considerations. By delving into these topics, we aim to provide valuable insights into the significance of storage tanks and the importance of ensuring their safe operation.

Types of Storage Tanks

Aboveground vs. Underground Tanks

When selecting a storage tank, two primary types are considered: above ground and underground. Above ground tanks are typically easier to install, maintain, and inspect, as they are readily accessible. However, due to their environmental exposure, they may be more susceptible to damage from weather and vandalism.

On the other hand, while more challenging to install and inspect, underground tanks offer the benefit of being hidden from sight. This enhances aesthetic appeal and minimises the risk of damage from external factors. However, they are not without their challenges – the potential for soil contamination in the event of a leak is a significant concern.

Temperature-Controlled Tanks

Temperature-controlled tanks, such as cryogenic tanks, are designed to store substances at extremely low or high temperatures. The construction of these tanks usually includes a double-wall design with insulation between the walls to minimize heat transfer and maintain the desired temperature.

Many of these tanks also have pressure relief devices to manage the pressure build-up due to heat gain. While the cost of temperature-controlled tanks can be higher than other types due to their specialized design and material requirements, their use is critical in industries such as healthcare, food processing, and energy, where precise temperature control is necessary.

Applications in Different Industries

Oil & Gas Industry

In the oil and gas industry, storage tanks are primarily used to store crude and natural gas during extraction before being transported to refineries for processing. They also serve as reservoirs for refined products, such as gasoline, diesel, and heating oil, before they are distributed to end-users.

Moreover, storage tanks in natural gas processing plants can hold liquefied natural gas (LNG) at extremely low temperatures. These tanks are typically temperature-controlled and designed to manage the high pressures of storing LNG.

Chemical Industry

In the chemical industry, storage tanks are primarily used to store a broad range of chemicals and industrial solvents in liquid and gas forms. These chemicals could include hazardous substances such as acids, alkalis, and volatile organic compounds, which require specialized tanks for safe storage. Besides, these tanks play a pivotal role in different chemical processes, including reactions, separations, and product mixing.

They also accommodate temporary storage needs during the transportation of these chemicals. Given the potentially corrosive nature of the stored substances and the criticality of maintaining specific environmental conditions, many of these tanks are temperature-controlled, corrosion-resistant, and equipped with safety measures such as pressure relief devices.

Agriculture

In the agriculture industry, storage tanks are primarily used to store a variety of liquid substances, including water, fertilizers, pesticides, and fuels. Water storage tanks are essential for irrigation, providing a reliable water supply, especially during dry seasons. Tanks designed for fertilizers and pesticide storage ensure these vital agricultural inputs are kept safe and ready for use when required.

Some tanks are also designed for the storage of farm fuels used to power farm machinery. Additionally, silos, a specific storage tank type, are used to store grain and other agricultural products in bulk, protecting them from external elements and pests. Given their diverse applications in farm operations, storage tanks in agriculture are instrumental in enhancing efficiency and productivity.

Water Supply & Treatment

In the water supply and treatment sector, storage tanks are primarily used to store treated water before it is distributed to consumers. This ensures a stable water supply even during peak usage or when treatment processes are temporarily halted. These tanks are often located at higher altitudes or constructed with pressure systems to use gravity or pressurized water delivery to the distribution system.

In the treatment process, storage tanks are also used to hold raw and partially treated water for various stages. Tanks designed for this purpose may contain mixers to keep particles in suspension or heaters to regulate the temperature for optimal treatment efficacy. Furthermore, some tanks also store chemicals used in water treatment, such as chlorine or fluorine.

Food & Beverage Industry

In the food and beverage industry, storage tanks store raw materials such as milk in dairies, grains in breweries, or fruit juices in beverage manufacturing facilities. Ensuring these raw materials are kept at the right temperature and conditions is crucial to maintain their quality and prevent spoilage. During production, tanks are used for mixing ingredients and carrying out fermentation processes, such as in beer and wine production. Also, you will learn what is precision fermentation protein in this article. So, keep reading.

They may also store finished products before they are packaged and distributed. High standards of hygiene and cleanliness are paramount in these tanks to meet food safety regulations. Therefore, many food-grade tanks are made of stainless steel for easy cleaning and to resist the corrosive effects of the acids found in many food products.

Safety Considerations

Proper maintenance and inspection of storage tanks are crucial for safety considerations. Irrespective of the industry they’re utilized in, these tanks often store substances that can be hazardous if not appropriately handled. Regular inspections help identify potential leaks, corrosion, or structural damage that could lead to significant accidents if left unaddressed.

Similarly, routine maintenance ensures that all components of the tanks, including valves, seals, and pressure gauges, work as they should. Additionally, tanks in specific industries, such as the food & beverage or water treatment sectors, require regular cleaning and sanitization to prevent contamination. All these practices help maintain the integrity of the storage tanks, ensuring the safety of both the workers and the environment.

Final Thoughts

Storage tanks are pivotal across multiple industries, including the food and beverage sector and water treatment facilities. They provide efficient means for substance mixing, fermentation, and storage, contributing significantly to product quality, safety, and operational efficiency. However, they also pose potential safety risks if not properly maintained and inspected.

Regular check-ups help identify issues, while routine cleaning ensures hygiene standards. A balance between utility and safety is essential to maximize their benefits, safeguarding the workforce and the environment.

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